National Park Iguazu

This zone characterizes his grounds colour brick, denominated lateríticos grounds, because it is performed by a mineral called laterita (of later, in Latin, brick), made up of aluminum, silica and great amount of iron oxide, that in subtropical climates causes the iron oxide oxidation wich produces different tonalities of red. By the National Route N °12, at 12 kilometers of Puerto Iguazú , is the entrance to the National Park . _ Subtropical Forest Paranaense _ the last redoubt of the paranaense forest in Argentina is the misionera forest. It occupies a million square kilometers between the south of Brazil, the east of Paraguay and the Misiones province. Nowadays it is only left 6%, Brazil and Paraguay approximately lost 85% of this forest and at Misiones there are only 12,000 hectares, since the man always has had a destructive relation. That is the reason for which the three countries decided to unite their protected areas (from the nationals to the private ones) of the paranaense forest and made "the Trinational Green Runner" (great part of the biological runner is Argentine), preventing that the protected areas were transformed into islands. This atmosphere is one of the most diverse that exist: the amount of species who inhabit this ecosystem surprises most of the experienced visitors. Home of 450 species of birds and 80 mammals, that includes yaguarete ': the greatest feline of the American continent. Also is very important the variety of amphibians, reptiles, fish and invertebrates. The Iguazu Falls take the name of the river that forms the waterfalls: the Iguazú river . It is born in the south of Brazil (near the Curitiva city, in Sierra do Mar) and crosses more than 1,300 kilometers before hurrying by the unevenness of 80 meters forming the waterfalls: a semicircle of 2,700 meters (approximately 3 kilometers), with 275 water jumps, that perform steam clouds that the light of the sun is in charge to transform into wonderful rainbow. Soon, the Iguazú river ends at the Parana river to 23 kilometers of the same ones. The most important jump is Salto Union that makes the incredible Throat of the Devil; the most known are the Bosseti, Two Sisters, San Martín, Adam and Eva, Tres Mosqueteros and Rivadavia. The zone is structurally tie to the bulk of Brasilia. It underwent fractures accompanied by movements of ascent and reduction of the crust, and supported a series of basaltic taps (it washes solidified) superposed. These rocks originate in the channels of the rivers jumps, cascades and waterfalls of great attractive tourism. The variable hardness of rocks allowed waters to mold on them an dentated drawing. That devastating action of waters marks its wearing down in the wall crumbling in blocks deposited in its base and backing down, because 100,000 years ago they were where today they are the three borders. They were discovered by Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca in 1541, Spanish governor, who decided to march towards Assuncion by earth from Santa Catarina, Brazil (Atlantic Zone), once he was named governor of Paraguay. He denominated Jumps of Santa Maria, in tribute to the Protective Virgin of the expedition. But this name did not spread, the waterfalls soon went back to its ancestral denomination of the guaraníes natives: Y-Guazú, that it means "great water". The 22% of the waterfalls are Brazilian territory and 78% are Argentine territory. Its division is the jump called Salto Union.